[PATCH v2 00/25] replace ioremap_{cache|wt} with memremap
by Dan Williams
Changes since v1 [1]:
1/ Drop the attempt at unifying ioremap() prototypes, just focus on
converting ioremap_cache and ioremap_wt over to memremap (Christoph)
2/ Drop the unrelated cleanups to use %pa in __ioremap_caller (Thomas)
3/ Add support for memremap() attempts on "System RAM" to simply return
the kernel virtual address for that range. ARM depends on this
functionality in ioremap_cache() and ACPI was open coding a similar
solution. (Mark)
4/ Split the conversions of ioremap_{cache|wt} into separate patches per
driver / arch.
5/ Fix bisection breakage and other reports from 0day-kbuild
---
While developing the pmem driver we noticed that the __iomem annotation
on the return value from ioremap_cache() was being mishandled by several
callers. We also observed that all of the call sites expected to be
able to treat the return value from ioremap_cache() as normal
(non-__iomem) pointer to memory.
This patchset takes the opportunity to clean up the above confusion as
well as a few issues with the ioremap_{cache|wt} interface, including:
1/ Eliminating the possibility of function prototypes differing between
architectures by defining a central memremap() prototype that takes
flags to determine the mapping type.
2/ Returning NULL rather than falling back silently to a different
mapping-type. This allows drivers to be stricter about the
mapping-type fallbacks that are permissible.
[1]: http://marc.info/?l=linux-arm-kernel&m=143735199029255&w=2
---
Dan Williams (22):
mm: enhance region_is_ram() to distinguish 'unknown' vs 'mixed'
arch, drivers: don't include <asm/io.h> directly, use <linux/io.h> instead
cleanup IORESOURCE_CACHEABLE vs ioremap()
intel_iommu: fix leaked ioremap mapping
arch: introduce memremap()
arm: switch from ioremap_cache to memremap
x86: switch from ioremap_cache to memremap
gma500: switch from acpi_os_ioremap to ioremap
i915: switch from acpi_os_ioremap to ioremap
acpi: switch from ioremap_cache to memremap
toshiba laptop: replace ioremap_cache with ioremap
memconsole: fix __iomem mishandling, switch to memremap
visorbus: switch from ioremap_cache to memremap
intel-iommu: switch from ioremap_cache to memremap
libnvdimm, pmem: switch from ioremap_cache to memremap
pxa2xx-flash: switch from ioremap_cache to memremap
sfi: switch from ioremap_cache to memremap
fbdev: switch from ioremap_wt to memremap
pmem: switch from ioremap_wt to memremap
arch: remove ioremap_cache, replace with arch_memremap
arch: remove ioremap_wt, replace with arch_memremap
pmem: convert to generic memremap
Toshi Kani (3):
mm, x86: Fix warning in ioremap RAM check
mm, x86: Remove region_is_ram() call from ioremap
mm: Fix bugs in region_is_ram()
arch/arc/include/asm/io.h | 1
arch/arm/Kconfig | 1
arch/arm/include/asm/io.h | 13 +++-
arch/arm/include/asm/xen/page.h | 4 +
arch/arm/mach-clps711x/board-cdb89712.c | 2 -
arch/arm/mach-shmobile/pm-rcar.c | 2 -
arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c | 12 +++-
arch/arm/mm/nommu.c | 11 ++-
arch/arm64/Kconfig | 1
arch/arm64/include/asm/acpi.h | 10 +--
arch/arm64/include/asm/dmi.h | 8 +--
arch/arm64/include/asm/io.h | 8 ++-
arch/arm64/kernel/efi.c | 9 ++-
arch/arm64/kernel/smp_spin_table.c | 19 +++---
arch/arm64/mm/ioremap.c | 20 ++----
arch/avr32/include/asm/io.h | 1
arch/frv/Kconfig | 1
arch/frv/include/asm/io.h | 17 ++---
arch/frv/mm/kmap.c | 6 ++
arch/ia64/Kconfig | 1
arch/ia64/include/asm/io.h | 11 +++
arch/ia64/kernel/cyclone.c | 2 -
arch/m32r/include/asm/io.h | 1
arch/m68k/Kconfig | 1
arch/m68k/include/asm/io_mm.h | 14 +---
arch/m68k/include/asm/io_no.h | 12 ++--
arch/m68k/include/asm/raw_io.h | 4 +
arch/m68k/mm/kmap.c | 17 +++++
arch/m68k/mm/sun3kmap.c | 6 ++
arch/metag/include/asm/io.h | 3 -
arch/microblaze/include/asm/io.h | 1
arch/mn10300/include/asm/io.h | 1
arch/nios2/include/asm/io.h | 1
arch/powerpc/kernel/pci_of_scan.c | 2 -
arch/s390/include/asm/io.h | 1
arch/sh/Kconfig | 1
arch/sh/include/asm/io.h | 20 ++++--
arch/sh/mm/ioremap.c | 10 +++
arch/sparc/include/asm/io_32.h | 1
arch/sparc/include/asm/io_64.h | 1
arch/sparc/kernel/pci.c | 3 -
arch/tile/include/asm/io.h | 1
arch/x86/Kconfig | 1
arch/x86/include/asm/efi.h | 3 +
arch/x86/include/asm/io.h | 17 +++--
arch/x86/kernel/crash_dump_64.c | 6 +-
arch/x86/kernel/kdebugfs.c | 8 +--
arch/x86/kernel/ksysfs.c | 28 ++++-----
arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c | 76 ++++++++++--------------
arch/xtensa/Kconfig | 1
arch/xtensa/include/asm/io.h | 9 ++-
drivers/acpi/apei/einj.c | 9 ++-
drivers/acpi/apei/erst.c | 6 +-
drivers/acpi/nvs.c | 6 +-
drivers/acpi/osl.c | 70 ++++++----------------
drivers/char/toshiba.c | 2 -
drivers/firmware/google/memconsole.c | 7 +-
drivers/gpu/drm/gma500/opregion.c | 2 -
drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_opregion.c | 2 -
drivers/iommu/intel-iommu.c | 10 ++-
drivers/iommu/intel_irq_remapping.c | 4 +
drivers/isdn/icn/icn.h | 2 -
drivers/mtd/devices/slram.c | 2 -
drivers/mtd/maps/pxa2xx-flash.c | 4 +
drivers/mtd/nand/diskonchip.c | 2 -
drivers/mtd/onenand/generic.c | 2 -
drivers/nvdimm/Kconfig | 2 -
drivers/pci/probe.c | 3 -
drivers/pnp/manager.c | 2 -
drivers/scsi/aic94xx/aic94xx_init.c | 7 --
drivers/scsi/arcmsr/arcmsr_hba.c | 5 --
drivers/scsi/mvsas/mv_init.c | 15 +----
drivers/scsi/sun3x_esp.c | 2 -
drivers/sfi/sfi_core.c | 4 +
drivers/staging/comedi/drivers/ii_pci20kc.c | 1
drivers/staging/unisys/visorbus/visorchannel.c | 16 +++--
drivers/staging/unisys/visorbus/visorchipset.c | 17 +++--
drivers/tty/serial/8250/8250_core.c | 2 -
drivers/video/fbdev/Kconfig | 2 -
drivers/video/fbdev/amifb.c | 5 +-
drivers/video/fbdev/atafb.c | 5 +-
drivers/video/fbdev/hpfb.c | 6 +-
drivers/video/fbdev/ocfb.c | 1
drivers/video/fbdev/s1d13xxxfb.c | 3 -
drivers/video/fbdev/stifb.c | 1
include/acpi/acpi_io.h | 6 +-
include/asm-generic/io.h | 8 ---
include/asm-generic/iomap.h | 4 -
include/linux/io-mapping.h | 2 -
include/linux/io.h | 9 +++
include/linux/mtd/map.h | 2 -
include/linux/pmem.h | 26 +++++---
include/video/vga.h | 2 -
kernel/Makefile | 2 +
kernel/memremap.c | 74 +++++++++++++++++++++++
kernel/resource.c | 43 +++++++-------
lib/Kconfig | 5 +-
lib/devres.c | 13 +---
lib/pci_iomap.c | 7 +-
tools/testing/nvdimm/Kbuild | 4 +
tools/testing/nvdimm/test/iomap.c | 34 ++++++++---
101 files changed, 482 insertions(+), 398 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 kernel/memremap.c
4 years, 7 months
[PATCH v2 0/9] initial struct page support for pmem
by Dan Williams
Changes since v1 [1]:
1/ Several simplifications from Christoph including dropping the __pfn_t
dependency, and merging ZONE_DEVICE into the base arch_add_memory()
implementation.
2/ Drop the deeper changes to the memory hotplug code that enabled
allocating the backing 'struct page' array from pmem (struct
vmem_altmap). This functionality is still needed when large capacity
PMEM devices arrive. However, for now we can take this simple step to
enable struct page mapping in RAM and enable it by default for small
capacity CONFIG_X86_PMEM_LEGACY devices.
3/ A rework of the PMEM api to allow usage of the non-temporal
memcpy_to_pmem() implementation even on platforms without pcommit
instruction support.
[1]: https://lists.01.org/pipermail/linux-nvdimm/2015-August/001809.html
---
When we last left this debate [2] it was becoming clear that the
'page-less' approach left too many I/O scenarios off the table. The
page-less enabling is still useful for avoiding the overhead of struct
page where it is not needed, but in the end, page-backed persistent
memory seems to be a requirement. We confirmed as much at the recently
concluded Persistent Memory Microconference at Linux Plumbers.
Whereas the initial RFC of this functionality enabled userspace to pick
whether struct page is allocated from RAM or PMEM. This new version
only enables RAM-backed for now. This is suitable for existing NVDIMM
devices and a starting point to incrementally build "allocate struct
page from PMEM" support.
[2]: https://lists.01.org/pipermail/linux-nvdimm/2015-May/000748.html
---
Christoph Hellwig (2):
mm: move __phys_to_pfn and __pfn_to_phys to asm/generic/memory_model.h
add devm_memremap_pages
Dan Williams (7):
dax: drop size parameter to ->direct_access()
mm: ZONE_DEVICE for "device memory"
x86, pmem: push fallback handling to arch code
libnvdimm, pfn: 'struct page' provider infrastructure
libnvdimm, pmem: 'struct page' for pmem
libnvdimm, pmem: direct map legacy pmem by default
devm_memremap_pages: protect against pmem device unbind
arch/arm/include/asm/memory.h | 6 -
arch/arm64/include/asm/memory.h | 6 -
arch/ia64/mm/init.c | 4
arch/powerpc/mm/mem.c | 4
arch/powerpc/sysdev/axonram.c | 2
arch/s390/mm/init.c | 2
arch/sh/mm/init.c | 5 -
arch/tile/mm/init.c | 2
arch/unicore32/include/asm/memory.h | 6 -
arch/x86/include/asm/io.h | 2
arch/x86/include/asm/pmem.h | 41 ++++
arch/x86/mm/init_32.c | 4
arch/x86/mm/init_64.c | 4
drivers/acpi/nfit.c | 2
drivers/block/brd.c | 6 -
drivers/nvdimm/Kconfig | 23 ++
drivers/nvdimm/Makefile | 2
drivers/nvdimm/btt.c | 6 -
drivers/nvdimm/btt_devs.c | 172 +-----------------
drivers/nvdimm/claim.c | 201 +++++++++++++++++++++
drivers/nvdimm/e820.c | 1
drivers/nvdimm/namespace_devs.c | 62 +++++-
drivers/nvdimm/nd-core.h | 9 +
drivers/nvdimm/nd.h | 59 ++++++
drivers/nvdimm/pfn.h | 35 ++++
drivers/nvdimm/pfn_devs.c | 337 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
drivers/nvdimm/pmem.c | 220 +++++++++++++++++++++--
drivers/nvdimm/region.c | 2
drivers/nvdimm/region_devs.c | 20 ++
drivers/s390/block/dcssblk.c | 4
fs/block_dev.c | 2
include/asm-generic/memory_model.h | 6 +
include/asm-generic/pmem.h | 72 +++++++
include/linux/blkdev.h | 2
include/linux/io.h | 57 ++++++
include/linux/libnvdimm.h | 4
include/linux/memory_hotplug.h | 5 -
include/linux/mmzone.h | 23 ++
include/linux/pmem.h | 73 +-------
kernel/memremap.c | 136 ++++++++++++++
mm/Kconfig | 17 ++
mm/memory_hotplug.c | 14 +
mm/page_alloc.c | 3
tools/testing/nvdimm/Kbuild | 3
tools/testing/nvdimm/test/iomap.c | 13 +
45 files changed, 1369 insertions(+), 310 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 drivers/nvdimm/claim.c
create mode 100644 drivers/nvdimm/pfn.h
create mode 100644 drivers/nvdimm/pfn_devs.c
create mode 100644 include/asm-generic/pmem.h
5 years, 1 month
[PATCH 0/2] fix regression in direct I/O to pmem devices
by Jeff Moyer
Linda Knippers noticed that commit bbab37ddc20b (block: Add support
for DAX reads/writes to block devices) caused a regression in mkfs.xfs.
Further investigation also uncovered issues related to misaligned
partitions. This patch set addresses the two issues.
[PATCH 1/2] dax: fix O_DIRECT I/O to the last block of a blockdev
[PATCH 2/2] blockdev: don't set S_DAX for misaligned partitions
fs/block_dev.c | 7 +++++++
fs/dax.c | 3 ++-
2 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
5 years, 2 months
[PATCH] dax, pmem: add support for msync
by Ross Zwisler
For DAX msync we just need to flush the given range using
wb_cache_pmem(), which is now a public part of the PMEM API.
The inclusion of <linux/dax.h> in fs/dax.c was done to make checkpatch
happy. Previously it was complaining about a bunch of undeclared
functions that could be made static.
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler(a)linux.intel.com>
---
This patch is based on libnvdimm-for-next from our NVDIMM tree:
https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm.git/
with some DAX patches on top. The baseline tree can be found here:
https://github.com/01org/prd/tree/dax_msync
---
arch/x86/include/asm/pmem.h | 13 +++++++------
fs/dax.c | 17 +++++++++++++++++
include/linux/dax.h | 1 +
include/linux/pmem.h | 22 +++++++++++++++++++++-
mm/msync.c | 10 +++++++++-
5 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/pmem.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/pmem.h
index d8ce3ec..85c07b2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/pmem.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/pmem.h
@@ -67,18 +67,19 @@ static inline void arch_wmb_pmem(void)
}
/**
- * __arch_wb_cache_pmem - write back a cache range with CLWB
- * @vaddr: virtual start address
+ * arch_wb_cache_pmem - write back a cache range with CLWB
+ * @addr: virtual start address
* @size: number of bytes to write back
*
* Write back a cache range using the CLWB (cache line write back)
* instruction. This function requires explicit ordering with an
- * arch_wmb_pmem() call. This API is internal to the x86 PMEM implementation.
+ * arch_wmb_pmem() call.
*/
-static inline void __arch_wb_cache_pmem(void *vaddr, size_t size)
+static inline void arch_wb_cache_pmem(void __pmem *addr, size_t size)
{
u16 x86_clflush_size = boot_cpu_data.x86_clflush_size;
unsigned long clflush_mask = x86_clflush_size - 1;
+ void *vaddr = (void __force *)addr;
void *vend = vaddr + size;
void *p;
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ static inline size_t arch_copy_from_iter_pmem(void __pmem *addr, size_t bytes,
len = copy_from_iter_nocache(vaddr, bytes, i);
if (__iter_needs_pmem_wb(i))
- __arch_wb_cache_pmem(vaddr, bytes);
+ arch_wb_cache_pmem(addr, bytes);
return len;
}
@@ -138,7 +139,7 @@ static inline void arch_clear_pmem(void __pmem *addr, size_t size)
else
memset(vaddr, 0, size);
- __arch_wb_cache_pmem(vaddr, size);
+ arch_wb_cache_pmem(addr, size);
}
static inline bool __arch_has_wmb_pmem(void)
diff --git a/fs/dax.c b/fs/dax.c
index fbe18b8..ed6aec1 100644
--- a/fs/dax.c
+++ b/fs/dax.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/dax.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/genhd.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/pmem.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/sizes.h>
#include <linux/uio.h>
#include <linux/vmstat.h>
@@ -753,3 +755,18 @@ int dax_truncate_page(struct inode *inode, loff_t from, get_block_t get_block)
return dax_zero_page_range(inode, from, length, get_block);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dax_truncate_page);
+
+void dax_sync_range(unsigned long addr, size_t len)
+{
+ while (len) {
+ size_t chunk_len = min_t(size_t, SZ_1G, len);
+
+ wb_cache_pmem((void __pmem *)addr, chunk_len);
+ len -= chunk_len;
+ addr += chunk_len;
+ if (len)
+ cond_resched();
+ }
+ wmb_pmem();
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dax_sync_range);
diff --git a/include/linux/dax.h b/include/linux/dax.h
index b415e52..504b33f 100644
--- a/include/linux/dax.h
+++ b/include/linux/dax.h
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ int dax_fault(struct vm_area_struct *, struct vm_fault *, get_block_t,
dax_iodone_t);
int __dax_fault(struct vm_area_struct *, struct vm_fault *, get_block_t,
dax_iodone_t);
+void dax_sync_range(unsigned long addr, size_t len);
#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
int dax_pmd_fault(struct vm_area_struct *, unsigned long addr, pmd_t *,
unsigned int flags, get_block_t, dax_iodone_t);
diff --git a/include/linux/pmem.h b/include/linux/pmem.h
index 85f810b3..aa29ebb 100644
--- a/include/linux/pmem.h
+++ b/include/linux/pmem.h
@@ -53,12 +53,18 @@ static inline void arch_clear_pmem(void __pmem *addr, size_t size)
{
BUG();
}
+
+static inline void arch_wb_cache_pmem(void __pmem *addr, size_t size)
+{
+ BUG();
+}
#endif
/*
* Architectures that define ARCH_HAS_PMEM_API must provide
* implementations for arch_memcpy_to_pmem(), arch_wmb_pmem(),
- * arch_copy_from_iter_pmem(), arch_clear_pmem() and arch_has_wmb_pmem().
+ * arch_copy_from_iter_pmem(), arch_clear_pmem(), arch_wb_cache_pmem()
+ * and arch_has_wmb_pmem().
*/
static inline void memcpy_from_pmem(void *dst, void __pmem const *src, size_t size)
{
@@ -202,4 +208,18 @@ static inline void clear_pmem(void __pmem *addr, size_t size)
else
default_clear_pmem(addr, size);
}
+
+/**
+ * wb_cache_pmem - write back a range of cache lines
+ * @vaddr: virtual start address
+ * @size: number of bytes to write back
+ *
+ * Write back the cache lines starting at 'vaddr' for 'size' bytes.
+ * This function requires explicit ordering with an wmb_pmem() call.
+ */
+static inline void wb_cache_pmem(void __pmem *addr, size_t size)
+{
+ if (arch_has_pmem_api())
+ arch_wb_cache_pmem(addr, size);
+}
#endif /* __PMEM_H__ */
diff --git a/mm/msync.c b/mm/msync.c
index bb04d53..2a4739c 100644
--- a/mm/msync.c
+++ b/mm/msync.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
/*
* The msync() system call.
*/
+#include <linux/dax.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/mman.h>
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE3(msync, unsigned long, start, size_t, len, int, flags)
for (;;) {
struct file *file;
loff_t fstart, fend;
+ unsigned long range_len;
/* Still start < end. */
error = -ENOMEM;
@@ -77,10 +79,16 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE3(msync, unsigned long, start, size_t, len, int, flags)
error = -EBUSY;
goto out_unlock;
}
+
+ range_len = min(end, vma->vm_end) - start;
+
+ if (vma_is_dax(vma))
+ dax_sync_range(start, range_len);
+
file = vma->vm_file;
fstart = (start - vma->vm_start) +
((loff_t)vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT);
- fend = fstart + (min(end, vma->vm_end) - start) - 1;
+ fend = fstart + range_len - 1;
start = vma->vm_end;
if ((flags & MS_SYNC) && file &&
(vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)) {
--
2.1.0
5 years, 2 months
Boost your Rankings with our High PR Dofollow Backlinks
by Cheap SEO Packs
All High PR Do-follow Links in one Package!
Only Dofollow most efficient backlinks.
Our High PR Do follow package washes away all those
worries you might have about recent Google updates.
- 40 High PR 8-9 backIinks.
- 20 PR5-9 EDU dofollow backlinks
- 150 High PR dofollow - actual page High PR
- 300 pr4 to pr8 dofollow angela backlinks
For Full Details please read the attached .html file
Unsubscribe option is available on the footer of our website
5 years, 2 months
明文养
by 养明文
linux-nvdimm：您好！
《项目管理实战操作》——（2天实践型）
【培训时间】2015年11月5-6日上海
【培训对象】项目总监、部门经理、高级项目经理、项目团队成员等，特别适合正在从事项目管理的人员
【授课方式】讲师讲授 + 视频演绎 + 案例研讨 +角色扮演 + 讲师点评
【培训费用】5200元/人/两天（ 含授课、午餐、茶点饮料、教材资料 ）
【值班手机】0512-6870.0653 （0）180.1559.6327
课程背景：
随着市场竞争的日益加剧，企业只靠维持现状的执行系统越来越不能满足不断变化的市场需求，因而项
目管理也越来越受到企业的重视。本课程通过讲师讲解、案例分析、小组讨论、学员练习等授课方式，给你
带来全新的思维视角，让深陷项目困扰的你蓦然回首、茅塞顿开。整个课程远离理论上的说教，而是强调如
何把项目管理的工具和技巧应用到实际的项目中去，去解决项目管理过程中经常出现的范围不清、质量缺陷
、进度拖期等具体问题。
课程收益：
对企业而言，我们确保学员在培训完成后，大家能用同一种理念，同一种方法，同一种图解，同一种表
格来完成项目。
1、参训的每一位学员培训后都将培养成具有以下,项目经理必备的,三种能力：
A、确定范围
B、在范围内完成任务的可置信度
C、分析趋势的能力
课程宗旨：
“今天培训结束，明天开始动手。”---培训就是为了改变理念，把所学到的管理工具运用到平时的工作中
去。“没有图表就是没有管理，没有数字就是没有控制”。
课程大纲:
第一天
一、项目及项目管理
什么叫项目
项目的特点
什么叫管理
什么叫项目管理
课堂练习
回答参加者问题
学员练习：
做练习题
讨论
学员提问
二、项目及其所处的环境分析
项目中投资人与项目经理的关系
项目经理的职责
项目中利害关系人分析
项目早期估算的一般工具
项目阶段图和资源图的制作方法
讨论
提问
三、项目沟通管理
项目的横向沟通
项目中跨部门协调的问题解决方法
项目的归属和项目目标SMART分析方法
项目管理的发展历史
项目工作陈述表的制作方法
提问
做跨部门协调表格练习
课堂作业：
完成项目启动阶段的“二图一表”
完成案例中的“阶段图”、“资源图”和“工作陈述表”
第二天：
四、项目范围管理（WBS 和RAM 的制作方法和规定）
项目的工作分解结构（WBS）
WBS的评估方法
WBS中的注意事项
一个完整的WBS系统应该达到什么目的
项目的责任矩阵表(RAM)
布置课堂作业（学员案例中的WBS和RAM ）
提问
交流
每人做案例模拟的开头3个模块
课堂作业：
完成项目范围阶段的“一图一表”
课堂完成案例中的WBS和RAM
五、项目时间管理（网络图的基本制作方法）
制作任务与任务之间的逻辑网络图（PDM，ADM，GERT，Network Board）的四种方法
讨论所做的案例
发表对项目时间管理的看法
根据项目时间管理的规定，各自发表个人的意见
六、项目时间管理（带有CPM网络图的制作方法）
课堂练习：
初级网络图制作
高级网络图内容及制作方法
小组练习
课堂练习---初级网络图制作
小组练习---以小组形式完成高级网络图等练习
七、项目时间管理（9大工具及CPM网络图的10大用途）
带有CPM的网络图的特点及十大功能
甘特图的作用
做阿尔法案例
总结项目时间管理的九大工具
解答学员问题
做阿尔法案例练习
学员提问
掌握项目经理必备的4个工具（WBS，RAM，CPM图，甘特图）
课程结束总结：
学员问题与答疑
项目“五图二表”的总结
布置课后作业
学员积极提问
收集完成回家作业的基本方法
whbvxcahlfkjamnjtgtv5d5gqrtunp
5 years, 2 months
high quality web2 profile backlinks
by High PR backlinks
We create a profile for you on high Page Rank websites
and add a link to your website in each profile.
These links are permanent and are never removed.
- Submission to blogs with Page Rank 5-7
- Permanent One-way Links
- Ownership of all the accounts created
- Complete in 10 business days
- Detailed Submission Report
We offer different packages at different price.
For Full Details please read the attached .html file
Unsubscribe Option available on the footer of our website
5 years, 2 months
We welcome you to DIAMOND Bank Plc
by Ban Ki-Moon
Fax:+2348030541574
EMAIL:benjamin_michael2@hotmail.com
http://www.diamondbank.com/
We welcome you to DIAMOND Bank Plc.
How are you today? Hope all is well with you and family? You may not understand why this email came to you. We have been having a meeting for the passed 7
months which ended 2 days ago with the then secretary to the UNITED NATIONS.
This email is to all the people that have been scammed in any part of the world, the UNITED NATIONS have agreed to compensate them with the sum of USD $4,850,000
(Four Million Eight hundred and fifty thousand United State Dollars Only), This also includes every foreign contractors that may have not received their contract sum, and people that
have had an unfinished transaction or international businesses that failed due to Government problems etc.
We found your name in our list and that is why we are contacting you, this has been agreed upon and have been signed.
You are advised to contact Mr.Benjamin Michael of DIAMOND BANK NIGERIA PLC, as he is our representative in Nigeria, contact him immediately for your
payment of USD $4,850,000
(Four Million Eight hundred and fifty thousand United State Dollars Only)which way you need the fund to be delivered. So he will send it to you and you
can clear it in any bank of your choice.
You are advice to get in contact with Mr.Benjamin Michael and provide him with below information.
Your Full Name:
Country/Your Address:
Occupation:
Contact Home/Cell Phone:
Age/Sex:
A Scan Copy of your Identity:
Person to Contact Mr.Benjamin Michael
Email: benjamin_michael2(a)hotmail.com
Tel: +2348030541574
Thanks and God bless you and your family.
Hoping to hear from you as soon as you cash your Fund.
Making the world a better place.
Regards,
Mr. Ban Ki-Moon
UN Secretary General
5 years, 2 months
[PATCH]: acpica/nfit: Rename not-armed bit definition
by Toshi Kani
ACPI 6.0 NFIT Memory Device State Flags in Table 5-129 defines
bit 3 as follows.
Bit [3] set to 1 to indicate that the Memory Device is observed
to be not armed prior to OSPM hand off. A Memory Device is
considered armed if it is able to accept persistent writes.
This bit is currently defined as ACPI_NFIT_MEM_ARMED, which can be
confusing as if the Memory Device is armed when this bit is set.
Change the name to ACPI_NFIT_MEM_NOT_ARMED per the spec.
Signed-off-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani(a)hp.com>
Cc: Bob Moore <robert.moore(a)intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams(a)intel.com>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki(a)intel.com>
---
This patch is based on the linus's tree.
---
drivers/acpi/nfit.c | 6 +++---
drivers/acpi/nfit.h | 2 +-
include/acpi/actbl1.h | 2 +-
tools/testing/nvdimm/test/nfit.c | 2 +-
4 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
diff --git a/drivers/acpi/nfit.c b/drivers/acpi/nfit.c
index cf0fd96..4596e0a 100644
--- a/drivers/acpi/nfit.c
+++ b/drivers/acpi/nfit.c
@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ static ssize_t flags_show(struct device *dev,
flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_SAVE_FAILED ? "save_fail " : "",
flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_RESTORE_FAILED ? "restore_fail " : "",
flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_FLUSH_FAILED ? "flush_fail " : "",
- flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_ARMED ? "not_armed " : "",
+ flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_NOT_ARMED ? "not_armed " : "",
flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_HEALTH_OBSERVED ? "smart_event " : "");
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(flags);
@@ -830,7 +830,7 @@ static int acpi_nfit_register_dimms(struct acpi_nfit_desc *acpi_desc)
flags |= NDD_ALIASING;
mem_flags = __to_nfit_memdev(nfit_mem)->flags;
- if (mem_flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_ARMED)
+ if (mem_flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_NOT_ARMED)
flags |= NDD_UNARMED;
rc = acpi_nfit_add_dimm(acpi_desc, nfit_mem, device_handle);
@@ -854,7 +854,7 @@ static int acpi_nfit_register_dimms(struct acpi_nfit_desc *acpi_desc)
mem_flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_SAVE_FAILED ? " save_fail" : "",
mem_flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_RESTORE_FAILED ? " restore_fail":"",
mem_flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_FLUSH_FAILED ? " flush_fail" : "",
- mem_flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_ARMED ? " not_armed" : "");
+ mem_flags & ACPI_NFIT_MEM_NOT_ARMED ? " not_armed" : "");
}
diff --git a/drivers/acpi/nfit.h b/drivers/acpi/nfit.h
index 79b6d83..90505e3 100644
--- a/drivers/acpi/nfit.h
+++ b/drivers/acpi/nfit.h
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
#define UUID_NFIT_DIMM "4309ac30-0d11-11e4-9191-0800200c9a66"
#define ACPI_NFIT_MEM_FAILED_MASK (ACPI_NFIT_MEM_SAVE_FAILED \
| ACPI_NFIT_MEM_RESTORE_FAILED | ACPI_NFIT_MEM_FLUSH_FAILED \
- | ACPI_NFIT_MEM_ARMED)
+ | ACPI_NFIT_MEM_NOT_ARMED)
enum nfit_uuids {
NFIT_SPA_VOLATILE,
diff --git a/include/acpi/actbl1.h b/include/acpi/actbl1.h
index fcd5709..238754e 100644
--- a/include/acpi/actbl1.h
+++ b/include/acpi/actbl1.h
@@ -1012,7 +1012,7 @@ struct acpi_nfit_memory_map {
#define ACPI_NFIT_MEM_SAVE_FAILED (1) /* 00: Last SAVE to Memory Device failed */
#define ACPI_NFIT_MEM_RESTORE_FAILED (1<<1) /* 01: Last RESTORE from Memory Device failed */
#define ACPI_NFIT_MEM_FLUSH_FAILED (1<<2) /* 02: Platform flush failed */
-#define ACPI_NFIT_MEM_ARMED (1<<3) /* 03: Memory Device observed to be not armed */
+#define ACPI_NFIT_MEM_NOT_ARMED (1<<3) /* 03: Memory Device observed to be not armed */
#define ACPI_NFIT_MEM_HEALTH_OBSERVED (1<<4) /* 04: Memory Device observed SMART/health events */
#define ACPI_NFIT_MEM_HEALTH_ENABLED (1<<5) /* 05: SMART/health events enabled */
diff --git a/tools/testing/nvdimm/test/nfit.c b/tools/testing/nvdimm/test/nfit.c
index d0bdae4..ed271ba 100644
--- a/tools/testing/nvdimm/test/nfit.c
+++ b/tools/testing/nvdimm/test/nfit.c
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@ static void nfit_test1_setup(struct nfit_test *t)
memdev->interleave_ways = 1;
memdev->flags = ACPI_NFIT_MEM_SAVE_FAILED | ACPI_NFIT_MEM_RESTORE_FAILED
| ACPI_NFIT_MEM_FLUSH_FAILED | ACPI_NFIT_MEM_HEALTH_OBSERVED
- | ACPI_NFIT_MEM_ARMED;
+ | ACPI_NFIT_MEM_NOT_ARMED;
offset += sizeof(*memdev);
/* dcr-descriptor0 */
5 years, 2 months
[PATCH] pmem, nfit: Fix ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM handling on x86_32
by Toshi Kani
ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM is defined on x86_64 only per ARCH_HAS_PMEM_API.
The following compile error in __nfit_spa_map() was observed on
x86_32 as it refers ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM without #ifdef.
drivers/acpi/nfit.c:1205:8: error: 'ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM'
undeclared (first use in this function)
Fix it by defining ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM to MEMREMAP_WT in <linux/pmem.h>
when CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PMEM_API is not set, i.e. x86_32.
Remove '#ifdef ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM's that are no longer necessary
with this change.
Also remove the redundant definition of ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM in
<asm/pmem.h>.
Signed-off-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani(a)hp.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams(a)intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler(a)linux.intel.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch(a)lst.de>
----
Apply on top of libnvdimm-for-next of the nvdimm tree.
---
arch/x86/include/asm/pmem.h | 2 --
drivers/nvdimm/namespace_devs.c | 4 ----
include/linux/pmem.h | 6 +-----
3 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 11 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/pmem.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/pmem.h
index 5c8c753..5111f1f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/pmem.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/pmem.h
@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@
#include <asm/cpufeature.h>
#include <asm/special_insns.h>
-#define ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM MEMREMAP_WB
-
#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PMEM_API
#define ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM MEMREMAP_WB
/**
diff --git a/drivers/nvdimm/namespace_devs.c b/drivers/nvdimm/namespace_devs.c
index 0955b2c..6b40e1c 100644
--- a/drivers/nvdimm/namespace_devs.c
+++ b/drivers/nvdimm/namespace_devs.c
@@ -90,11 +90,7 @@ bool pmem_should_map_pages(struct device *dev)
if (is_nd_pfn(dev) || is_nd_btt(dev))
return false;
-#ifdef ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM
return ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM == MEMREMAP_WB;
-#else
- return false;
-#endif
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pmem_should_map_pages);
diff --git a/include/linux/pmem.h b/include/linux/pmem.h
index ebf95a6..04eefc6 100644
--- a/include/linux/pmem.h
+++ b/include/linux/pmem.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PMEM_API
#include <asm/pmem.h>
#else
+#define ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM MEMREMAP_WT
/*
* These are simply here to enable compilation, all call sites gate
* calling these symbols with arch_has_pmem_api() and redirect to the
@@ -129,13 +130,8 @@ static inline void default_clear_pmem(void __pmem *addr, size_t size)
static inline void __pmem *memremap_pmem(struct device *dev,
resource_size_t offset, unsigned long size)
{
-#ifdef ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM
return (void __pmem *) devm_memremap(dev, offset, size,
ARCH_MEMREMAP_PMEM);
-#else
- return (void __pmem *) devm_memremap(dev, offset, size,
- MEMREMAP_WT);
-#endif
}
/**
5 years, 2 months
