FYI, we noticed the following commit (built with gcc-7): commit: 39114b7a743e6759bab4d96b7d9651d44d17e3f9 ("x86/pti: Never implicitly clear _PAGE_GLOBAL for kernel image") https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git master in testcase: boot on test machine: qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -cpu Haswell,+smep,+smap -smp 2 -m 1G caused below changes (please refer to attached dmesg/kmsg for entire log/backtrace): +--------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+------------+ | | 0f561fce4d | 39114b7a74 | +--------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+------------+ | boot_successes | 0 | 0 | | boot_failures | 14 | 35 | | WARNING:suspicious_RCU_usage | 10 | | | lib/test_rhashtable.c:#suspicious_rcu_dereference_protected()usage | 10 | | | invoked_oom-killer:gfp_mask=0x | 5 | | | Mem-Info | 5 | | | Kernel_panic-not_syncing:Out_of_memory_and_no_killable_processes | 4 | | | WARNING:at_arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c:#__cpa_process_fault | 0 | 35 | | RIP:__cpa_process_fault | 0 | 35 | | kernel_BUG_at_arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c | 0 | 35 | | invalid_opcode:#[##] | 0 | 35 | | RIP:cpa_flush_all | 0 | 35 | | Kernel_panic-not_syncing:Fatal_exception | 0 | 35 | +--------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+------------+ [ 0.000000] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at arch/x86/mm/pageattr.c:1189 __cpa_process_fault+0x4c2/0x4dc [ 0.000000] Modules linked in: [ 0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 4.16.0-02290-g39114b7a #2 [ 0.000000] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.10.2-1 04/01/2014 [ 0.000000] RIP: 0010:__cpa_process_fault+0x4c2/0x4dc [ 0.000000] RSP: 0000:ffffffff82403cf0 EFLAGS: 00010092 [ 0.000000] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffffffff84400000 RCX: ffffffff82403b7c [ 0.000000] RDX: ffffffff82426500 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffffffff810c6191 [ 0.000000] RBP: ffffffff82403e40 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 00000000810c610c [ 0.000000] R10: 8000000000000060 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff880000000000 [ 0.000000] R13: 00000000000000e3 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: ffffffff84400000 [ 0.000000] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff880032c00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 0.000000] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 0.000000] CR2: ffff880032fff000 CR3: 0000000002420001 CR4: 00000000000606b0 [ 0.000000] Call Trace: [ 0.000000] ? lock_release+0x177/0x19b [ 0.000000] __change_page_attr_set_clr+0x132/0xb40 [ 0.000000] ? change_page_attr_set_clr+0xc2/0x297 [ 0.000000] ? 0xffffffff81000000 [ 0.000000] change_page_attr_set_clr+0x13f/0x297 [ 0.000000] ? smp_irq_move_cleanup_interrupt+0xb4/0xb4 [ 0.000000] ? __kprobes_text_end+0x59988/0x59988 [ 0.000000] set_memory_nonglobal+0x1e/0x23 [ 0.000000] pti_init+0x63/0x346 [ 0.000000] start_kernel+0x27a/0x464 [ 0.000000] secondary_startup_64+0xa5/0xb0 [ 0.000000] Code: 80 ff 77 00 00 48 01 d3 48 c1 eb 0c 48 89 5d 30 45 31 f6 eb 1e 48 8b 45 00 48 89 de 48 c7 c7 3e 04 12 82 48 8b 10 e8 39 a8 03 00 <0f> 0b 41 be f2 ff ff ff 48 83 c4 28 44 89 f0 5b 5d 41 5c 41 5d [ 0.000000] ---[ end trace 142a0423c71f6258 ]--- To reproduce: git clone https://github.com/intel/lkp-tests.git cd lkp-tests bin/lkp qemu -k <bzImage> job-script # job-script is attached in this email Thanks, Xiaolong